Publications
Publications
Publications
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
Roman 2023
Ethical Aspects of Faking Emotions in Chatbots and Social Robots
Bipin Indurkhya
Karolina Źróbek
Alicja Wróbel
Gabriela Błażejowska
Łukasz Gruba
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
Telling lies and faking emotions is quite common in human-human interactions: though there are risks, in many situations such behaviours provide social benefits. In recent years, there have been many social robots and chatbots that fake emotions or behave deceptively with their users. In this paper, I present a few examples of such robots and chatbots, and analyze their ethical aspects. Three scenarios are presented where some kind of lying or deceptive behaviour might be justified. Then five approaches to deceptive behaviours — no deception, blatant deception, tactful deception, nudging, and self deception – are discussed and their implications are analyzed. I conclude by arguing that we need to develop localized and culturespecific solutions to incorporating deception in social robots and chatbots.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
Roman 2023
project:
A study on the impact of
social robots on children’s
social relationships.
Funded by DigiWorld,
Jagiellonian University,
Kraków, Poland.
Age-Appropriate Robot Design: In-The-Wild Child-Robot Interaction Studies of
Perseverance Styles and Robot’s Unexpected Behavior
Alicja Wróbel
Karolina Źróbek
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
As child-robot interactions become more and more common in daily life environment, it is important to examine how robot’s errors influence children’s behavior. We explored how a robot’s unexpected behaviors affect child-robot interactions during two workshops on active reading: one in a modern art museum and one in a school. We observed the behavior and attitudes of 42 children from three age groups: 6-7 years, 8-10 years, and 10-12 years. Through our observations, we identified six different types of surprising robot behaviors: personality, movement malfunctions, inconsistent behavior, mispronunciation, delays, and freezing. Using a qualitative analysis, we examined how children responded to each type of behavior, and we observed similarities and differences between the age groups. Based on our findings, we propose guidelines for designing ageappropriate learning interactions with social robots.
Publication date:
28 March 2023
Type:
Article
in Electronics 2023
A Study on Social Exclusion in Human-Robot Interaction
Sharon Spisak
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
Recent research in human-robot interaction (HRI) points to possible unfair outcomes caused by artificial systems based on machine learning. The aim of this study was to investigate if people are susceptible to social exclusion shown by a robot and, if they are, how they signal the feeling of being rejected from the group. We review the research on social exclusion in the context of human–human interaction and explore its relevance for HRI. Then we present the results of our experiment to simulate social exclusion in the context of HRI: the participants (for whom it was their first encounter with a robot) and the Nao robot were asked to cooperate in solving the bomb defusal task, during which the robot favored one participant with whom it had a longer interaction before the task. The robot was controlled using the Wizard-of-Oz methodology throughout the experiment. Our results show that the discriminated participants reported a higher feeling of exclusion. Though some other hypotheses were not confirmed, we present several qualitative observations from our experiment. For example, it was noticed that the participants who behaved more openly and were more extraverted acted more comfortably when interacting with the robot.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Article
in Sensors 2023
A Study on the Role of Affective Feedback in Robot-Assisted Learning
Gabriela Błażejowska
Łukasz Gruba
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
In recent years, there have been many approaches to using robots to teach computer programming. In intelligent tutoring systems and computer-aided learning, there is also some research to show that affective feedback to the student increases learning efficiency. However, a few studies on the role of incorporating an emotional personality in the robot in robot-assisted learning have found different results. To explore this issue further, we conducted a pilot study to investigate the effect of positive verbal encouragement and non-verbal emotive behaviour of the Miro-E robot during a robot-assisted programming session. The participants were tasked to program the robot’s behaviour. In the experimental group, the robot monitored the participants’ emotional state via their facial expressions, and provided affective feedback to the participants after completing each task. In the control group, the robot responded in a neutral way. The participants filled out a questionnaire before and after the programming session. The results show a positive reaction of the participants to the robot and the exercise. Though the number of participants was small, as the experiment was conducted during the pandemic, a qualitative analysis of the data was carried out. We found that the greatest affective outcome of the session was for students who had little experience or interest in programming before. We also found that the affective expressions of the robot had a negative impact on its likeability, revealing vestiges of the uncanny valley effect.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
Roman 2023
Ethical Aspects of Faking Emotions in Chatbots and Social Robots
Bipin Indurkhya
Karolina Źróbek
Alicja Wróbel
Gabriela Błażejowska
Łukasz Gruba
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
Telling lies and faking emotions is quite common in human-human interactions: though there are risks, in many situations such behaviours provide social benefits. In recent years, there have been many social robots and chatbots that fake emotions or behave deceptively with their users. In this paper, I present a few examples of such robots and chatbots, and analyze their ethical aspects. Three scenarios are presented where some kind of lying or deceptive behaviour might be justified. Then five approaches to deceptive behaviours — no deception, blatant deception, tactful deception, nudging, and self deception – are discussed and their implications are analyzed. I conclude by arguing that we need to develop localized and culturespecific solutions to incorporating deception in social robots and chatbots.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
Roman 2023
project:
A study on the impact of
social robots on children’s
social relationships.
Funded by DigiWorld,
Jagiellonian University,
Kraków, Poland.
Age-Appropriate Robot Design: In-The-Wild Child-Robot Interaction Studies of
Perseverance Styles and Robot’s Unexpected Behavior
Alicja Wróbel
Karolina Źróbek
Marie-Monique Schaper
Paulina Zguda
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
As child-robot interactions become more and more common in daily life environment, it is important to examine how robot’s errors influence children’s behavior. We explored how a robot’s unexpected behaviors affect child-robot interactions during two workshops on active reading: one in a modern art museum and one in a school. We observed the behavior and attitudes of 42 children from three age groups: 6-7 years, 8-10 years, and 10-12 years. Through our observations, we identified six different types of surprising robot behaviors: personality, movement malfunctions, inconsistent behavior, mispronunciation, delays, and freezing. Using a qualitative analysis, we examined how children responded to each type of behavior, and we observed similarities and differences between the age groups. Based on our findings, we propose guidelines for designing ageappropriate learning interactions with social robots.
Publication date:
28 March 2023
Type:
Article
in Electronics 2023
A Study on Social Exclusion in Human-Robot Interaction
Sharon Spisak
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
Recent research in human-robot interaction (HRI) points to possible unfair outcomes caused by artificial systems based on machine learning. The aim of this study was to investigate if people are susceptible to social exclusion shown by a robot and, if they are, how they signal the feeling of being rejected from the group. We review the research on social exclusion in the context of human–human interaction and explore its relevance for HRI. Then we present the results of our experiment to simulate social exclusion in the context of HRI: the participants (for whom it was their first encounter with a robot) and the Nao robot were asked to cooperate in solving the bomb defusal task, during which the robot favored one participant with whom it had a longer interaction before the task. The robot was controlled using the Wizard-of-Oz methodology throughout the experiment. Our results show that the discriminated participants reported a higher feeling of exclusion. Though some other hypotheses were not confirmed, we present several qualitative observations from our experiment. For example, it was noticed that the participants who behaved more openly and were more extraverted acted more comfortably when interacting with the robot.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
ICSR 2023
A field study on Polish customers’ attitude towards a service robot in a cafe
Maria Kiraga
Zofia Samsel
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
More and more stores in Poland are adopting robots as customer as- sistants or promotional tools. However, customer attitudes to such novelty re- main unexplored. This study focused on the role of social robots in self-service cafes. This domain has not been explored in Poland before, and there is not much research in other countries as well. We conducted a field study in two cafes with a teleoperated robot Nao, which sat next to the counter serving as an assistant to a human barista. We observed customer behavior, conducted semi- structured interviews and questionnaires with the customers. The results show that Polish customers are neutral and insecure about robots. However, they do not exhibit a total dislike of these technologies. We considered three stages of the interaction and identified features of each stage that need to be designed carefully to yield user satisfaction.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
Roman 2023
Ethical Aspects of Faking Emotions in Chatbots and Social Robots
Bipin Indurkhya
Karolina Źróbek
Alicja Wróbel
Gabriela Błażejowska
Łukasz Gruba
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
Telling lies and faking emotions is quite common in human-human interactions: though there are risks, in many situations such behaviours provide social benefits. In recent years, there have been many social robots and chatbots that fake emotions or behave deceptively with their users. In this paper, I present a few examples of such robots and chatbots, and analyze their ethical aspects. Three scenarios are presented where some kind of lying or deceptive behaviour might be justified. Then five approaches to deceptive behaviours — no deception, blatant deception, tactful deception, nudging, and self deception – are discussed and their implications are analyzed. I conclude by arguing that we need to develop localized and culturespecific solutions to incorporating deception in social robots and chatbots.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
Roman 2023
project:
A study on the impact of
social robots on children’s
social relationships.
Funded by DigiWorld,
Jagiellonian University,
Kraków, Poland.
Age-Appropriate Robot Design: In-The-Wild Child-Robot Interaction Studies of
Perseverance Styles and Robot’s Unexpected Behavior
Alicja Wróbel
Karolina Źróbek
Marie-Monique Schaper
Paulina Zguda
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
As child-robot interactions become more and more common in daily life environment, it is important to examine how robot’s errors influence children’s behavior. We explored how a robot’s unexpected behaviors affect child-robot interactions during two workshops on active reading: one in a modern art museum and one in a school. We observed the behavior and attitudes of 42 children from three age groups: 6-7 years, 8-10 years, and 10-12 years. Through our observations, we identified six different types of surprising robot behaviors: personality, movement malfunctions, inconsistent behavior, mispronunciation, delays, and freezing. Using a qualitative analysis, we examined how children responded to each type of behavior, and we observed similarities and differences between the age groups. Based on our findings, we propose guidelines for designing ageappropriate learning interactions with social robots.
Publication date:
28 March 2023
Type:
Article
in Electronics 2023
A Study on Social Exclusion in Human-Robot Interaction
Sharon Spisak
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
Recent research in human-robot interaction (HRI) points to possible unfair outcomes caused by artificial systems based on machine learning. The aim of this study was to investigate if people are susceptible to social exclusion shown by a robot and, if they are, how they signal the feeling of being rejected from the group. We review the research on social exclusion in the context of human–human interaction and explore its relevance for HRI. Then we present the results of our experiment to simulate social exclusion in the context of HRI: the participants (for whom it was their first encounter with a robot) and the Nao robot were asked to cooperate in solving the bomb defusal task, during which the robot favored one participant with whom it had a longer interaction before the task. The robot was controlled using the Wizard-of-Oz methodology throughout the experiment. Our results show that the discriminated participants reported a higher feeling of exclusion. Though some other hypotheses were not confirmed, we present several qualitative observations from our experiment. For example, it was noticed that the participants who behaved more openly and were more extraverted acted more comfortably when interacting with the robot.
Publication date:
2023
Type:
Conference paper
ICSR 2023
A field study on Polish customers’ attitude towards a service robot in a cafe
Maria Kiraga
Zofia Samsel
Bipin Indurkhya
Abstract
More and more stores in Poland are adopting robots as customer as- sistants or promotional tools. However, customer attitudes to such novelty re- main unexplored. This study focused on the role of social robots in self-service cafes. This domain has not been explored in Poland before, and there is not much research in other countries as well. We conducted a field study in two cafes with a teleoperated robot Nao, which sat next to the counter serving as an assistant to a human barista. We observed customer behavior, conducted semi- structured interviews and questionnaires with the customers. The results show that Polish customers are neutral and insecure about robots. However, they do not exhibit a total dislike of these technologies. We considered three stages of the interaction and identified features of each stage that need to be designed carefully to yield user satisfaction.
Social Robotics Lab
We explore Human-Robot Interaction in natural social settings.
Jagiellonian University
ul. Ingardena 3, room 304B
30-060 Kraków
Poland
© 2023, Social Robotics Laboratory